HighChart教程：编程语言详细程度的互动比较-控件新闻-慧都网

HighChart教程：编程语言详细程度的互动比较

翻译|使用教程|编辑：王香|2019-01-25 10:00:16.000|阅读 158 次

概述：Azure是微软的云（免责声明，我为微软工作）。它是托管数据，创建机器人和自动执行任务，部署Python应用程序或利用AI的绝佳基础架构。在本演示中，在Azure上安装了一个python 3.4环境和一些库（Beautiful Soup和Flask）。

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Python，Flask，Highcharts和Azure环境

Azure是微软的云（免责声明，我为微软工作）。它是托管数据，创建机器人和自动执行任务，部署Python应用程序或利用AI的绝佳基础架构。
在本演示中，我在Azure上安装了一个python 3.4环境和一些库（Beautiful Soup和Flask）

第1步：Scraping

第一步是刮掉RosettaCode以获取所有可用任务。我写了一个非常简短的python脚本来进行抓取。我预先选择了一部分编程语言（见languages_dict下文），以避免刮掉太多不相关的数据。

# Selected language names and corresponding spelling/encoding as in HTML page 
languages_dict={"Java":"Java","JavaScript":"JavaScript","C":"C","C.2B.2B":"C++","C.23":"C#","COBOL":"Cobol","Haskell":"Haskell","Python":"Python","R":"R","Julia":"Julia","MATLAB_.2F_Octave":"Matlab","Pascal":"Pascal","Fortran":"Fortran","BASIC":"BASIC","Go":"Go","Ruby":"Ruby","SAS":"SAS","Stata":"Stata","Swift":"Swift","Processing":"Processing","UNIX_Shell":"UNIX Shell","VBA":"VBA","PowerShell":"PowerShell"}

#store language names in an array
language_name=[]

#populate the array from the dict
for item in languages_dict:language_name.append(languages_dict[item])

#get all tasks from Rosettacode.org
url_task="//www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:Programming_Tasks"
r = requests.get(url_task)
soup = BeautifulSoup(r.text, 'html.parser')
table=soup.find("div", {"class": "mw-category"})

#Create an empty dictionary to be filled with the tasks as they appear in the HTML source and name (as header)
url_dict={}

#get all links (a tags) 
tags=table('a')

#iterate over tag list and fill the task/url dictionary
for tag in tags:
    url_dict[tag.get('title',None)]=tag.get('href',None)[6:]

#store task names in an array
task_name=[]
for item in url_dict: task_name.append(item)
array_language=[]
count=[]
task=""

#flask method to get the task the user wants to compare
if request.method == "POST":
    # get url from task the user requested
    task = request.form['task']
    url="//www.rosettacode.org/wiki/"+url_dict[task]
    r = requests.get(url)
    soup = BeautifulSoup(r.text, 'html.parser')
    dict_count={}
    for language in languages_dict:
        try: 
            header=soup.find("span", {"id": language})
            snippet=BeautifulSoup(header.find_next("pre").text, 'html.parser')
            dict_count[languages_dict[language]] = len(snippet.text)
        except: 
            continue

    #sort dictionary
    for lang in sorted(dict_count, key=dict_count.get, reverse=True):
        array_language.append(lang)
        count.append(dict_count[lang])

当用户选择要比较的任务时，上面的脚本查找预先选择的语言并评估相应片段的长度（在HTML中相应的标题之后的“pre”标签内）。该脚本将结果存储在一个数组中，该数组将通过Flask发送到前端到我的Highcharts。

以下是与“ For循环 ” 对应的片段的结果数组：

# array_language
['C', 'Swift', 'Pascal', 'Go', 'BASIC', 'Haskell', 'UNIX Shell', 'Matlab', 'Processing', 'PowerShell', 'Fortran', 'Cobol', 'VBA', 'C++', 'Java', 'Julia', 'Ruby', 'JavaScript', 'Python', 'R', 'SAS', 'Stata', 'C#']

#count (length of the snippets)
[90, 73, 144, 167, 70, 115, 400, 103, 103, 116, 1211, 533, 193, 104, 119, 71, 55, 114, 92, 85, 293, 79, 261]

然后这些数组将提供条形图。

第2步：Highcharts

Python和Flask使用和将数据数组发送到Highcharts 。在HTML页面呈现期间，服务器注入使用python构造的数组。请注意，我使用该选项来避免任何编码意外。{{ array_language | safe}}{{count}}| safe

Highcharts.chart('container', {
    chart: {
        type: 'bar'
    },
    title: {
        text: 'Programming language comparison: {{task | safe}} '
    },
    subtitle: {
        text: 'Source: rosettacode.org'
    },
    xAxis: {
        categories: {{ array_language   | safe}},
        title: {
            text: null
        }
    },
    yAxis: {
        min: 0,
        title: {
            text: 'Task size (char)',
            align: 'high'
        },
        labels: {
            overflow: 'justify'
        }
    },
    tooltip: {
        valueSuffix: 'chars'
    },
    plotOptions: {
        bar: {
            dataLabels: {
                enabled: true
            }
        }
    },

    series: [{
        name: '{{task}}',
        data: {{count}}
    }]
});